Automating DAO Governance with AI Agents: Proposal Analysis and Voting Simulation

const axios = require('axios');
const { ethers } = require('ethers');

// Use a reliable RPC provider. Latency matters.
const ALCHEMY_RPC_URL = 'your_alchemy_https_url'; // ~95ms latency
const provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider(ALCHEMY_RPC_URL);

const SNAPSHOT_GRAPHQL_ENDPOINT = 'https://hub.snapshot.org/graphql';

async function fetchActiveProposals(space = 'ens.eth') {
  const query = `
    query {
      proposals(
        first: 20,
        where: { space: "${space}", state: "active" }
        orderBy: "created",
        orderDirection: desc
      ) {
        id
        title
        body
        start
        end
        snapshot
        state
        author
      }
    }
  `;

  try {
    const response = await axios.post(SNAPSHOT_GRAPHQL_ENDPOINT, { query });
    return response.data.data.proposals;
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Failed to fetch Snapshot proposals:', error.message);
    return [];
  }
}

async function getProposalVotes(proposalId) {
  const query = `
    query {
      votes(
        first: 1000,
        where: { proposal: "${proposalId}" }
        orderBy: "created",
        orderDirection: desc
      ) {
        id
        voter
        created
        choice
        vp
        vp_by_strategy
      }
    }
  `;

  try {
    const response = await axios.post(SNAPSHOT_GRAPHQL_ENDPOINT, { query });
    return response.data.data.votes;
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(`Failed to fetch votes for ${proposalId}:`, error.message);
    return [];
  }
}

// Example execution
(async () => {
  const proposals = await fetchActiveProposals();
  console.log(`Found ${proposals.length} active proposals`);
  
  if (proposals.length > 0) {
    const votes = await getProposalVotes(proposals[0].id);
    console.log(`First proposal has ${votes.length} votes`);
  }
})();

async function analyzeVoterRisk(voterAddress, proposalSnapshotBlock) {
  const riskFlags = [];

  // 1. Check wallet age (first transaction)
  try {
    const history = await provider.send("eth_getBlockByNumber", ["earliest", false]); // This is wrong for getting first tx.
    // Correct approach: Use transaction index scan or a service like Etherscan API.
    // For simplicity, we'll get the block number of the first *outgoing* tx.
    const filter = {
      address: voterAddress,
      fromBlock: 0,
      toBlock: proposalSnapshotBlock,
    };
    // This can be slow for old wallets. In production, use The Graph.
    const txs = await provider.getLogs(filter);
    if (txs.length > 0) {
      const firstTxBlock = txs[0].blockNumber;
      const currentBlock = await provider.getBlockNumber();
      const blockAge = currentBlock - firstTxBlock;
      const approxDaysOld = (blockAge * 13.2) / (60 * 60 * 24); // ~13.2s block time

      if (approxDaysOld < 7) {
        riskFlags.push(`WALLET_AGE: Wallet < 7 days old (${approxDaysOld.toFixed(1)} days)`);
      }
    } else {
      riskFlags.push('WALLET_AGE: No prior txs - possibly brand new or funded via internal tx');
    }
  } catch (error) {
    // Common error: filter range too large
    if (error.message.includes('query returned more than')) {
      console.error(`Too many txs for ${voterAddress}. Use pagination or a subgraph.`);
    } else {
      console.error(`Error analyzing wallet age for ${voterAddress}:`, error.message);
    }
  }

  // 2. Simulate a gas estimation to check if wallet is an EOA or has code (potential contract wallet)
  try {
    const code = await provider.getCode(voterAddress);
    if (code !== '0x') {
      riskFlags.push('CONTRACT_ACCOUNT: Voter is a smart contract (could be a proxy or bot)');
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(`Error fetching code for ${voterAddress}:`, error.message);
  }

  return riskFlags;
}

// Real error you will encounter and its fix:
// Error: insufficient funds for gas * price + value
// Fix: Always check balance and estimate gas before sending a tx.
async function safeSendTx(tx) {
  const gasEstimate = await provider.estimateGas(tx);
  const gasPrice = await provider.getGasPrice();
  const cost = gasEstimate.mul(gasPrice);
  const balance = await provider.getBalance(tx.from);
  
  if (balance.lt(cost)) {
    throw new Error(`Insufficient funds. Need ${ethers.utils.formatEther(cost)} ETH, have ${ethers.utils.formatEther(balance)} ETH.`);
  }
  // Proceed with sendTransaction...
}

// Example Governance Token Interface (ERC20Votes compatible)
interface IERC20Votes {
    function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 blockNumber) external view returns (uint256);
}

async function simulateVoteOutcome(proposalId, addressesToExclude = []) {
  const votes = await getProposalVotes(proposalId);
  const proposal = (await fetchActiveProposals()).find(p => p.id === proposalId);
  
  let totalVp = 0;
  let simulatedVp = 0;
  const exclusionSet = new Set(addressesToExclude.map(addr => addr.toLowerCase()));

  for (const vote of votes) {
    const voter = vote.voter;
    const vp = parseFloat(vote.vp) || 0;
    totalVp += vp;

    if (!exclusionSet.has(voter.toLowerCase())) {
      simulatedVp += vp;
    } else {
      console.log(`Excluding voter ${voter} with ${vp} VP`);
    }
  }

  const originalQuorum = (totalVp > 0) ? (simulatedVp / totalVp) * 100 : 0;
  console.log(`Original total VP: ${totalVp}`);
  console.log(`Simulated VP (after exclusions): ${simulatedVp}`);
  console.log(`Simulated retains ${originalQuorum.toFixed(1)}% of original voting power.`);

  // Determine if the *outcome* would flip (requires knowing choices - simplified here)
  return { totalVp, simulatedVp, wouldFlip: simulatedVp < (totalVp * 0.5) }; // Example: quorum < 50%
}

const TelegramBot = require('node-telegram-bot-api');
const bot = new TelegramBot('YOUR_BOT_TOKEN', { polling: false }); // Use webhooks in production

async function sendGovernanceAlert(proposalId, riskFindings, simulationResult) {
  const chatId = 'YOUR_CHAT_ID';
  
  let message = `🚨 *Governance Alert* 🚨\n`;
  message += `Proposal: ${proposalId}\n`;
  message += `*Risk Flags:*\n`;
  riskFindings.forEach((flag, idx) => { message += `  • ${flag}\n`; });
  
  message += `\n*Simulation:*\n`;
  message += `Excluding suspicious votes, the proposal would ${simulationResult.wouldFlip ? 'FAIL ❌' : 'still PASS ✅'}.\n`;
  message += `Power retained: ${((simulationResult.simulatedVp / simulationResult.totalVp) * 100).toFixed(1)}%`;

  try {
    await bot.sendMessage(chatId, message, { parse_mode: 'Markdown' });
    console.log('Alert sent to Telegram.');
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Failed to send Telegram alert:', error.message);
    // Fallback to logging or email
  }
}

// Real error you will encounter and its fix:
// Error: nonce too low
// Fix: Always sync the nonce correctly before sending a transaction.
async function getCorrectNonce(address) {
  // Use 'pending' to include mempool transactions
  const nonce = await provider.getTransactionCount(address, 'pending');
  return nonce;
}