Blockchain
Blockchain development tutorials covering smart contracts, DeFi, and Web3
Blockchain development in 2026 is no longer just writing Solidity contracts. The modern Web3 stack spans Layer 2 rollups, zero-knowledge proofs, account abstraction, cross-chain protocols, and a mature TypeScript toolchain that rivals traditional web development.
The Modern Blockchain Dev Stack
| Layer | Tool | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Smart contracts | Solidity 0.8.x | EVM-compatible contract language |
| Testing framework | Foundry | Rust-based, fastest test runner |
| Alternative | Hardhat | JavaScript-first, large plugin ecosystem |
| TypeScript client | Viem 2 | Type-safe, modern replacement for ethers.js |
| React hooks | Wagmi | React hooks for wallet and contract interaction |
| Local node | Anvil (Foundry) | Fork mainnet locally for testing |
| Indexing | The Graph | Query on-chain data with GraphQL |
Quick Start — Deploy Your First Contract
# Install Foundry
curl -L https://foundry.paradigm.xyz | bash
foundryup
# Create a new project
forge init my-contract && cd my-contract
# Write a simple contract (src/Counter.sol already exists)
# Run tests
forge test -vvv
# Deploy to local Anvil node
anvil &
forge script script/Counter.s.sol --rpc-url http://localhost:8545 --broadcast
Smart Contract Patterns
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.26;
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
contract SecureVault is Ownable, ReentrancyGuard {
mapping(address => uint256) private balances;
event Deposit(address indexed user, uint256 amount);
event Withdrawal(address indexed user, uint256 amount);
constructor() Ownable(msg.sender) {}
function deposit() external payable {
balances[msg.sender] += msg.value;
emit Deposit(msg.sender, msg.value);
}
// nonReentrant prevents reentrancy attacks
function withdraw(uint256 amount) external nonReentrant {
require(balances[msg.sender] >= amount, "Insufficient balance");
balances[msg.sender] -= amount; // Update state BEFORE transfer
(bool ok, ) = msg.sender.call{value: amount}("");
require(ok, "Transfer failed");
emit Withdrawal(msg.sender, amount);
}
}
Learning Path
- Solidity fundamentals — types, functions, modifiers, events, inheritance
- Security patterns — reentrancy guard, checks-effects-interactions, access control
- Testing with Foundry — unit tests, fuzz testing, fork testing against mainnet
- TypeScript integration — Viem 2 for reading and writing contracts
- DeFi primitives — AMMs, lending protocols, yield strategies, oracles
- Layer 2 — deploy on Base, Optimism, Arbitrum, zkSync
- Advanced topics — ERC-4337 account abstraction, ZK proofs, cross-chain with CCIP
Key Standards to Know
| Standard | Description | Used in |
|---|---|---|
| ERC-20 | Fungible tokens | Every DeFi protocol |
| ERC-721 | NFTs | Digital ownership |
| ERC-1155 | Multi-token | Gaming, multi-asset |
| ERC-4337 | Account abstraction | Smart wallets, gasless tx |
| ERC-7579 | Modular smart accounts | Composable wallet modules |
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