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Blockchain

Blockchain development tutorials covering smart contracts, DeFi, and Web3

Blockchain development in 2026 is no longer just writing Solidity contracts. The modern Web3 stack spans Layer 2 rollups, zero-knowledge proofs, account abstraction, cross-chain protocols, and a mature TypeScript toolchain that rivals traditional web development.

The Modern Blockchain Dev Stack

LayerToolPurpose
Smart contractsSolidity 0.8.xEVM-compatible contract language
Testing frameworkFoundryRust-based, fastest test runner
AlternativeHardhatJavaScript-first, large plugin ecosystem
TypeScript clientViem 2Type-safe, modern replacement for ethers.js
React hooksWagmiReact hooks for wallet and contract interaction
Local nodeAnvil (Foundry)Fork mainnet locally for testing
IndexingThe GraphQuery on-chain data with GraphQL

Quick Start — Deploy Your First Contract

# Install Foundry
curl -L https://foundry.paradigm.xyz | bash
foundryup

# Create a new project
forge init my-contract && cd my-contract

# Write a simple contract (src/Counter.sol already exists)
# Run tests
forge test -vvv

# Deploy to local Anvil node
anvil &
forge script script/Counter.s.sol --rpc-url http://localhost:8545 --broadcast

Smart Contract Patterns

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.26;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol";

contract SecureVault is Ownable, ReentrancyGuard {
    mapping(address => uint256) private balances;

    event Deposit(address indexed user, uint256 amount);
    event Withdrawal(address indexed user, uint256 amount);

    constructor() Ownable(msg.sender) {}

    function deposit() external payable {
        balances[msg.sender] += msg.value;
        emit Deposit(msg.sender, msg.value);
    }

    // nonReentrant prevents reentrancy attacks
    function withdraw(uint256 amount) external nonReentrant {
        require(balances[msg.sender] >= amount, "Insufficient balance");
        balances[msg.sender] -= amount; // Update state BEFORE transfer
        (bool ok, ) = msg.sender.call{value: amount}("");
        require(ok, "Transfer failed");
        emit Withdrawal(msg.sender, amount);
    }
}

Learning Path

  1. Solidity fundamentals — types, functions, modifiers, events, inheritance
  2. Security patterns — reentrancy guard, checks-effects-interactions, access control
  3. Testing with Foundry — unit tests, fuzz testing, fork testing against mainnet
  4. TypeScript integration — Viem 2 for reading and writing contracts
  5. DeFi primitives — AMMs, lending protocols, yield strategies, oracles
  6. Layer 2 — deploy on Base, Optimism, Arbitrum, zkSync
  7. Advanced topics — ERC-4337 account abstraction, ZK proofs, cross-chain with CCIP

Key Standards to Know

StandardDescriptionUsed in
ERC-20Fungible tokensEvery DeFi protocol
ERC-721NFTsDigital ownership
ERC-1155Multi-tokenGaming, multi-asset
ERC-4337Account abstractionSmart wallets, gasless tx
ERC-7579Modular smart accountsComposable wallet modules

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